Everyone knows there are a variety of diseas- glucosamine sulfate, keratan sulfate. All
es of the joints and spine. However, most of these sulfates bind and retain water in the
us are sure that we will be spared of them, connective tissue in the form of a so-called
and we are brought down with a bang when gel. Water in this form is the basis of life
the time comes. To get a clear understanding and beauty.
of musculoskeletal disorders, you must first
understand how connective tissues work. What is Collagen?
What is connective tissue? This is almost Collagen is the strongest protein in our
50% of the body weight and its support. This body that provides activity of connective
is one of the participants in the processes of tissue cells. It is presented in all organs and
repair and even detoxification. Connective systems of the body and exists in the form
tissue includes blood and adipose tissue. of a triple fibrillar braided strand. 80% con-
Therefore, the aging process of the whole sists of lysine and proline amino acids that
organism is associated, among other things, are necessary for the proper functioning of
with dysfunctions and reactivity of the con- the connective tissue.
nective tissue. There are approximately 28 types of colla-
Connective tissue functions: gen. The majority is represented by Types I,
• supportive — the base of bones, carti- II, III, and IV. Collagen Types I, II and IX are
lage, ligaments and tendons; important for bones and joints.
• protective — protection against damage,
a barrier in the form of membranes, par- Collagen can naturally age and degrade.
ticipation in the healing process; 1 Its renewal is necessary, provided that
• intercellular matrix function — provides lysine and proline prevail in the diet.
interaction between cells in the structure
of the organ; Damage to collagen occurs as a result of
• uptake function — the accumulation of 2 the actions of the immune system (sys-
calcium and magnesium in the bones. temic collagenoses develop).
The structure of connective tissue in-
cludes: Damage to collagen also occurs as a re-• fibroblasts fixed in the intercellular matrix 3 sult of glycation (collagen cross-links are
(cells function only under load in the form formed that troubles the function of the
of “stretching”). At rest, collagen and elas- matrix and the activity of fibroblasts). As
tin are not renewed; a result, “wrinkles” appear, disrupting the
• intercellular matrix, generated by fibro- structure and architectonics of organs,
blasts (collagen, elastin, proteoglycans); and, therefore, their function.
• macrophages — cells that provide immune
protection and detoxification; What is Elastin?
• integrins — proteins that function in the Elastin is a protein that provides the ability
form of hooks to fix cells and matrix. to temporarily deform tissue without rup-
As for proteoglycans that make up the gel ture with a return to the original structure.
base of the intercellular matrix, the fol- It is well stretchable, contains a lot of lysine.
lowing should be distinguished in their Elastin molecules firmly cling to each other
structure and hierarchy: hyaluronan (a through the end groups of this amino acid,
polymer of hyaluronic acid), adapter pro- creating an elastic net. If collagen is bound
teins, CORE — proteins that adhere to to cells, then elastin molecules are bound
the hyaluronic axis, chondroitin sulfate, together.
110 // Health territory. PEPTIDES. A Few Words on Joints
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